Laboratory Instruments

This set of essential laboratory instruments supports analysis, preparation, and safety. Spectrophotometers (UV-Vis, AAS, Fluorescence) and HPLC/GC systems enable precise chemical analysis. pH, conductivity, and DO meters, along with analytical/top pan balances, support accurate measurements. Hot plates, magnetic stirrers, centrifuges, and mixers aid in sample preparation. Temperature-controlled equipment like baths, incubators, ovens, and muffle furnaces ensure optimal conditions for reactions and growth. Autoclaves provide sterilization, while microscopes and colony counters support microbial and cellular studies. Laminar flow hoods, biosafety cabinets, and fume hoods maintain a safe and sterile working environment.